Hook vs. hope: How to enhance customer engagement through gamification

Many digital service providers have adopted gamification to promote customer engagement. Critical questions, however, remain about the most effective way to enhance customer engagement and increase sales by applying gamification. With a research design that combines qualitative and quantitative methods, including the use of objective sales data from a large field study and replication of the findings across different contexts, this study explores how gamification fosters customer engagement. Both field study results and a simulation study reveal gamification principles (i.e., social interaction, sense of control, goals, progress tracking, rewards, and prompts) that promote hope and consequently increase customer engagement and digital sales. Furthermore, we find that hope is more strongly associated with customer engagement than the psychological condition of compulsion, which even exerts a negative impact. This research thus explores how gamification creates value for customers and provides actionable insights for managers to foster hope through gamification as opposed to get customers hooked.     

山东省耕地后备资源变化及驱动因素分析

[目的]揭示耕地后备资源变化规律及其驱动因素是进行耕地后备资源合理保护、开发利用的重要基础,但目前对于耕地后备资源变化及驱动因素的研究较为匮乏。[方法]文章以山东省为例,基于2003年和2015年两期耕地后备资源数据库,在分析耕地后备资源时空变化的基础上,采用空间回归模型分析了其变化的驱动因素。[结果]2003~2015年期间,山东省集中连片耕地后备资源减少了30.81万hm~2,其中可开垦土地减少24.97万hm~2,可复垦土地减少5.84万hm~2。[结论]总人口、文盲率、农民人均纯收入、建设用地扩张速度、第一产业产值占总产值比重等是山东省耕地后备资源变化的显著性驱动因素,并且总人口和建设用地扩张的驱动作用最大,受教育程度和产业结构调整的作用次之,农民人均纯收入变化对耕地后备资源变化的影响最小。"宏观统筹协调,异地代补"是解决"耕地后备资源空间分布不均衡、供需不匹配",实现耕地占补平衡、高效合理的开发利用耕地后备资源的必经之路。但异地代补的数量比例和质量应严格控制,并注重对补充耕地地区的经济补偿和政策倾斜,逐步缩小与发达地区之间的差距。     

农民宅基地退出差异性受偿意愿及其影响因素分析

研究目的:宅基地退出工作能否顺利推进与退地补偿息息相关,研究宅基地退出中农民差异性受偿意愿及其影响因素,以服务决策。研究方法:基于重庆市890份农民实地调查数据,应用多元离散选择模型(Logit)进行定量研究。研究结果:(1)传统农区的农民更愿意选择货币补偿;城乡结合部(街道办)的农民更愿意选择安置补偿;农民修建补偿选择率总体偏低,区位差异并不明显;(2)农民货币受偿意愿影响因素主要包括受教育程度、家庭主要成员是否定居城镇、非农务工收入、新居住地适应性;(3)农民安置受偿意愿影响因素主要包括年龄、农房是否自住、退地补偿是否有截留、村基础设施状况;(4)农民修建受偿意愿影响因素主要包括农房造价、农房是否新建、退地补偿是否有截留;(5)影响农民受偿意愿的因素存在较大差异,同一因素可能对农民选择受偿意愿产生不同的影响,但没有一个自变量同时对三个因变量产生显著影响。研究结论:应针对农民受偿意愿差异及其影响因素,实行产异化的补偿措施,在经济发展相对滞后的传统地区,强化村落基础设施建设的同时,加大现金补偿力度。对于经济较为发达、区位条件较好的城乡结合部地区,应加大安置补偿力度,以保障退地农民的居住权。     

Unraveling determinants of inferred and stated attribute nonattendance: Effects on farmers’ willingness to accept to join agri-environmental schemes

Attribute nonattendance (ANA) has received very little attention in the context of willingness to accept (WTA), although an increasing number of studies analyze the preferences of ecosystem service providers toward incentive-based schemes. We add to the understanding of ANA behavior by analyzing stated and inferred ANA in a choice experiment investigating farmers’ WTA for participating in agri-environmental schemes (AES) in southern Spain. We use mixed logit models, following Hess and Hensher for the inferred ANA approach. Evidence is found of ANA behavior for both stated and inferred approaches, with models accounting for ANA clearly outperforming those that do not account for it; however, we produce no conclusive results as to which ANA approach is best. WTA estimates are only moderately affected, which to some extent is consistent with the low level of non-attendance found for the monetary attribute. Stated and inferred approaches show very similar WTA estimates. Additionally, we investigate sources of observed heterogeneity related to ANA behavior by using a sequence of bivariate probit models for each attribute. Overall, our results hint at a positive relationship between ease of scheme adoption and nonattendance to attributes. However, further research is still needed in this field.     

How perceived empowerment HR practices influence work engagement in social enterprises – a moderated mediation model

Abstract

Drawing insights from the group engagement model and self-determination theory, our research explored the role of perceived empowerment human resource (HR) practices in the hybrid organizational form of social enterprise in China. Based on two studies, this paper developed and examined a moderated mediation model, linking perceived empowerment HR practices, identification motivation, work engagement, and authority work value. Specifically, in Study 1 we found perceived empowerment HR practices increased employees’ work engagement through enhancing employees’ identification motivation. In Study 2, we adopted a two-wave design to duplicate and extend this mediation model. A moderator, employees’ authority work value, was found to weaken both the mediation relationship, and the positive relationship between perceived empowerment HR practices and identification motivation. This study broadens the understanding of what social enterprises look like in alternative contexts, while providing an opportunity to explore how a HRM mechanism and its boundary condition function in large social enterprises in China.     

农户土地转出的影响因素研究*——基于土地流转补贴政策效用的视角

[目的]基于安徽省蚌埠市的调研数据,实证研究土地流转补贴政策对土地转出的影响,分析土地流转补贴政策效用。[方法]文章根据国内外相关研究成果,结合调研地区的具体环境因素,提出研究假设,选取农户的家庭人口特征、社会经济特征和土地资源禀赋等变量,构建回归模型,运用SPSS统计软件分析农户土地转出的影响因素及土地流转补贴政策的效用。[结果]直接影响农户土地转出的因素包括非农就业、非农收入、农民离乡进城务工条件和土地资源禀赋等,农民获得的土地流转补贴占家庭总收入的比重非常小,对农户转出土地的意愿起不到显著促进作用。[结论]因此,促进土地有序流转必须把土地流转补贴等财政扶持资金转移到基本生产设施的建设上,改善农业生产经营条件,增强新型农业经营主体的土地转入积极性;通过创造非农就业机会,增加非农收入,完善农村社会保障服务体系,促进农民工市民化等措施,弱化农民对土地的依赖,从而增强农民转出土地的积极性。     

基于帕特南理论的空心村治理绩效评价——理论框架与指标体系构建

研究目的:治理绩效评价本应与空心村规划、实施过程成为空心村治理前、中、后的有机环节,遗憾的是在实践和学术中均对这一重要环节没有足够的重视,部分影响了空心村的治理绩效。本文立足于空心村治理的实际过程和关键因素,借鉴帕特南制度绩效理论,探索构建空心村治理评价的理论框架和初步指标体系。研究方法:演绎归纳法、实地调查法和比较研究法。研究结果:(1)本文围绕空心村治理绩效的测量视角、测量维度、统计学解释和理论蕴意4个方面,构建了全面、整体、可靠、一致的空心村治理评价的理论框架;(2)紧扣空间结构优化和治理结构优化两个核心维度构建了三级指标体系,涵盖了评价空心村治理的16项指标;(3)4个空心村的实证对比研究,客观反映了治理的实际绩效,弥补了空心村治理后期评估的过程缺失,体现空心村治理的价值、目标和未来导向。研究结论:基于帕特南理论的空心村治理绩效评价框架和指标评价体系反映了空心村整治的本质属性和治理过程,为绩效评价提供了一个新的理论视角。     

土地要素市场化配置能否促进工业结构优化？ ——基于微观土地交易数据的分析

研究目的:探究土地市场化配置在提高资源利用效率的同时,是否对产业结构产生了一定的积极影响。研究方法:理论剖析工业用地市场化发展促进工业结构优化升级的作用机理,利用2008—2015年间20余万条工业用地交易数据及工业经济面板数据进行实证检验,并进一步进行滞后性影响分析以及区域差异比较。研究结果:工业用地市场化水平与工业结构优化度总体存在正相关关系,各分项指标结果有所差异;滞后项系数显著为正;引入区域虚拟变量与工业用地市场化水平的交叉项,验证了区域性差异的存在。研究结论:土地市场发展越完善,产业结构越高,且该影响存在一定程度的滞后性;土地市场发展对劳动力结构优化度提升最为显著;在中部地区的推动作用强于其他地区。     

省域尺度下不同时序景观指数集与粒度效应分析

[目的]景观格局变化是景观生态学中的热点问题。研究省域尺度下不同时序景观指数的粒度效应、选取计算景观指数所需的适宜粒度范围并筛选出代表性景观指数集对分析景观格局变化具有重要意义。[方法]以安徽省土地覆被为研究对象,以2000年、2005年、2010年的Landsat TM遥感影像为主要数据源,采用土地利用转移矩阵对安徽省土地覆被的转移数量与方向进行研究;通过设置不同的栅格大小研究景观指数的粒度效应并选取合适的粒度范围;基于相关性分析、因子分析与敏感性分析,筛选出代表性景观指数集。[结果](1) 2000—2010年安徽省的土地覆被始终以耕地为主,其次是林地与人工表面;人工表面的增加是建立在耕地面积减少基础之上的,在10年间共有超过3 200km2的耕地转化为人工表面;(2)景观指数存在粒度效应,粒度变化会对景观指数的计算结果产生影响;省域尺度下计算景观指数所需的合适粒度范围为100～125m;(3)研究安徽省景观格局变化的代表性景观指数有4个,分别为最大斑块指数、景观形状指数、平均斑块面积、香农多样性指数。[结论]计算安徽省景观指数的适宜粒度范围为100～125m,安徽省的代表性景观指数集为最大斑块指数、景观形状指数、平均斑块面积、香农多样性指数,为进一步研究景观格局变化及驱动机制提供了依据。